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Benjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706 – April 17, 1790) was an American
polymath : a writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher and
political philosopher . Among the most influential intellectuals of his time, Franklin was one of the
Founding Fathers of the United States ; a
drafter and signer of the
Declaration of Independence ; and the first
postmaster general . Franklin became a successful
newspaper editor and printer in Philadelphia, the leading city in the colonies, publishing
The Pennsylvania Gazette at age 23. He became wealthy publishing this and
Poor Richard's Almanack , which he wrote under the pseudonym "Richard Saunders". As a scientist, his studies of electricity made him a major figure in the
American Enlightenment and the
history of physics . His inventions include the
lightning rod ,
bifocals ,
glass harmonica and the
Franklin stove . This 1778 portrait of Franklin was painted by
Joseph Duplessis .
Painting credit: Joseph Duplessis
